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This page contains documents relevant to the MPEG-G standard and the ecosystem of applications built around it.

MPEG-G documents

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Type	Title	Description
	MPEG-G white paper	An overview of the MPEG-G standard and its main features
	3^rd MPEG Workshop on Genomic Information Representation	Slides presented at the Workshop on Genomic Information Representation held in San Diego on 18^th April 2018
	2^nd MPEG Workshop on Genomic Information Representation, "From Standards to Deployment"	Slides presented at the Workshop on Genomic Information Representation held in Torino on 19^th July 2017
	1^st MPEG Workshop on Genomic Information Representation	Slides presented at the Workshop on Genomic Information Representation held in San Diego on 23^rd February 2016
	MPEG Seminar on Prospects on Genome Compression Standardization	Slides presented at the Seminar on Prospects on Genome Compression Standardization held in Geneva on 20^th October 2015

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Publications

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Title	Reference	Description
MPEG-G Reference-Based Compression of Unaligned Reads Through Ultra-Fast Alignments	U. Ozturk, S. Casale-Brunet, P. Ribeca, M. Mattavelli; 2022 Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, USA, 2022, pp. 01-01,	This publication illustrates the ISO/IEC MPEG-G standard's compression in raw and aligned data to alleviate bandwidth, transfer, and storage requirements of genomics pipelines.
A Benchmark of Entropy Coders for the Compression of Genome Sequencing Data	S. Casale-Brunet, P. Ribeca, C. Alberti, U. Ozturk, M. Mattavelli ; Journal of personalized medicine 12.6 (2022): 915	In this paper, a variety of entropy encoders and com-pression algorithms were benchmarked in terms of compression-decompression rates and times separately for each data field as raw data from FASTQ files and in MPEG-G uncompressed descriptor symbols de-coded from MPEG-G bitstreams.
Implementation of Privacy and Security for a Genomic Information System Based on Standards	Llorente Silvia, Jaime Delgado; Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 109, no. 9, pp. 1607-1622, Sept. 2021,	This paper describes the key role of privacy provision to protecting genomic information from unauthorized access by proposing the GIPAMS (Genomic Information Protection And Management System) modular architecture, which is based on the use of standards such as ISO/IEC 23092 and other initiatives.
An Introduction to MPEG-G: The First Open ISO/IEC Standard for the Compression and Exchange of Genomic Sequencing Data	J. Voges, M. Hernaez, M. Mattavelli, J. Ostermann; Stud Health Technol Inform. 2021 Oct 27;285:253-258.	This publication describes the benefits of the ISO/IEC 23092 series, known as MPEG-G, besides the higher levels of compression but it also provides new functionalities, such as built-in support for random access in the compressed domain, support for data protection mechanisms, flexible storage, and streaming capabilities.
Implementation of Privacy and Security for a Genomic Information System	Delgado J, Llorente S, Reig G; Multimedia Tools and Applications 80.13 (2021): 20599-20618.	This paper describes the way how handle genomic information for its high privacy and security requirements. The proposed GIPAMS modular architecture provides a secure and controlled access to genomic information, which may help on improving personalized medicine as described in this paper.
Side channel attack on a partially encrypted MPEG-G file	Daniel Naro, Jaime Delgado Mercè, Silvia Llorente Viejo; Bioinformatics 36.7 (2020): 2275-2277.	This paper discusses the case of an attack through the use of an unencrypted stream to deduce the encrypted content if streams are encrypted separately. To do so, it presents two different attacks, one based on signal processing and the other one based on neural networks.
GABAC: an arithmetic coding solution for genomic data	Jan Voges, Tom Paridaens, Fabian Müntefering, Liudmila S Mainzer, Brian Bliss, Mingyu Yang, Idoia Ochoa, Jan Fostier, Jörn Ostermann, Mikel Hernaez ; Stud Health Technol Inform 275 (2020): 37-41.	This paper discusses the first implementation of an MPEG-G compliant entropy codec: GABAC. GABAC combines proven coding technologies, such as context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding, binarization schemes and transformations, into a straightforward solution for the compression of sequencing data.
Security and privacy when applying FAIR principles to genomic information	Jaime Delgado Mercè, Silvia Llorente Viejo; Multimedia Tools and Applications 79.11-12 (2020): 8161-8180.	This paper analyses some of the issues related to the FAIRification process when the objective is sharing genomic information. The main results are the identification of the already existing standards that could be used for this purpose and how to combine them.
Reversible fingerprinting for genomic information	Daniel Naro, Jaime Delgado Mercè, Silvia Llorente Viejo; Studies in health technology and informatics 258 (2019): 75-79	Paper on watermarking the genomic information. Each read in a genomic file is modified depending on its content and a secret key. This allows generating different watermarked instances of the original file. Each watermark acts as a fingerprint: if a leak occurs, the unique modifications of the instance points to who originated the unauthorized publication.
Adding security and privacy to genomic information representation	Delgado Mercè, Jaime, Silvia Llorente Viejo, Daniel Naro; In Proceedings of the 2019 4th International Conference on Biomedical Imaging, Signal Processing (ICBSP '19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 12–17.	Overview paper on how the ISO/IEC 23092 (MPEG-G) standard series can provide flexible protection to the genomic information stored inside the MPEG-G format with a combination of security techniques and privacy rules.

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